μLED‐based optical cochlear implants for spectrally selective activation of the auditory nerve

2020 | journal article; research paper. A publication with affiliation to the University of Göttingen.

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​μLED‐based optical cochlear implants for spectrally selective activation of the auditory nerve​
Dieter, A.; Klein, E.; Keppeler, D. ; Jablonski, L. ; Harczos, T.; Hoch, G.   & Rankovic, V.  et al.​ (2020) 
EMBO Molecular Medicine12(8).​ DOI: https://doi.org/10.15252/emmm.202012387 

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Authors
Dieter, Alexander; Klein, Eric; Keppeler, Daniel ; Jablonski, Lukasz ; Harczos, Tamas; Hoch, Gerhard ; Rankovic, Vladan ; Paul, Oliver; Jeschke, Marcus ; Ruther, Patrick; Moser, Tobias 
Abstract
Abstract Electrical cochlear implants (eCIs) partially restore hearing and enable speech comprehension to more than half a million users, thereby re‐connecting deaf patients to the auditory scene surrounding them. Yet, eCIs suffer from limited spectral selectivity, resulting from current spread around each electrode contact and causing poor speech recognition in the presence of background noise. Optogenetic stimulation of the auditory nerve might overcome this limitation as light can be conveniently confined in space. Here, we combined virus‐mediated optogenetic manipulation of cochlear spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) and microsystems engineering to establish acute multi‐channel optical cochlear implant (oCI) stimulation in adult Mongolian gerbils. oCIs based on 16 microscale thin‐film light‐emitting diodes (μLEDs) evoked tonotopic activation of the auditory pathway with high spectral selectivity and modest power requirements in hearing and deaf gerbils. These results prove the feasibility of μLED‐based oCIs for spectrally selective activation of the auditory nerve.
Synopsis image Electrical cochlear implants effectiveness in individuals remains limited by the spread of the electric current in the cochlea. This study explores the potential of optogenetics for hearing restoration through combining optogenetic manipulation of the auditory nerve with microsystems engineering. μLED‐based optical cochlear implants (oCI) enable stimulation of the rodent auditory nerve. The strength of induced responses scales with the number of recruited emitters. μLED‐evoked neural responses are tonotopic and spectrally selective. The combination of gene therapy and microsystems engineering enables optical activation of the auditory nerve with higher spectral precision in gerbils.
Electrical cochlear implants effectiveness in individuals remains limited by the spread of the electric current in the cochlea. This study explores the potential of optogenetics for hearing restoration through combining optogenetic manipulation of the auditory nerve with microsystems engineering. image
Issue Date
2020
Journal
EMBO Molecular Medicine 
Project
EXC 2067: Multiscale Bioimaging 
Working Group
RG Moser (Molecular Anatomy, Physiology and Pathology of Sound Encoding) 
External URL
https://mbexc.uni-goettingen.de/literature/publications/52
ISSN
1757-4676
eISSN
1757-4684
Language
English
Sponsor
H2020 European Research Council (ERC) http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100010663
Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100002347
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659

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