The General Movement Optimality Score-Revised (GMOS-R) with Socioeconomically Stratified Percentile Ranks
2024-04-13 | journal article. A publication with affiliation to the University of Göttingen.
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The General Movement Optimality Score-Revised (GMOS-R) with Socioeconomically Stratified Percentile Ranks
Einspieler, C.; Bos, A. F.; Spittle, A. J.; Bertoncelli, N.; Burger, M.; Peyton, C. & Toldo, M. et al. (2024)
Journal of Clinical Medicine, 13(8) pp. 2260. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13082260
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Details
- Authors
- Einspieler, Christa; Bos, Arend F.; Spittle, Alicia J.; Bertoncelli, Natascia; Burger, Marlette; Peyton, Colleen; Toldo, Moreno; Utsch, Fabiana; Zhang, Dajie; Marschik, Peter B.
- Abstract
- Background: The general movement optimality score (GMOS) quantifies the details of general movements (GMs). We recently conducted psychometric analyses of the GMOS and developed a revised scoresheet. Consequently, the GMOS-Revised (GMOS-R) instrument necessitated validation using new percentile ranks. This study aimed to provide these percentile ranks for the GMOS-R and to investigate whether sex, preterm birth, or the infant’s country of birth and residence affected the GMOS-R distribution. Methods: We applied the GMOS-R to an international sample of 1983 infants (32% female, 44% male, and 24% not disclosed), assessed in the extremely and very preterm period (10%), moderate (12%) and late (22%) preterm periods, at term (25%), and post-term age (31%). Data were grouped according to the World Bank’s classification into lowerand upper-middle-income countries (LMICs and UMICs; 26%) or high-income countries (HICs; 74%), respectively. Results: We found that sex and preterm or term birth did not affect either GM classification or the GMOS-R, but the country of residence did. A lower median GMOS-R for infants with normal or poor-repertoire GMs from LMICs and UMICs compared with HICs suggests the use of specific percentile ranks for LMICs and UMICs vs. HICs. Conclusion: For clinical and scientific use, we provide a freely available GMOS-R scoring sheet, with percentile ranks reflecting socioeconomic stratification.
- Issue Date
- 13-April-2024
- Journal
- Journal of Clinical Medicine
- Project
- SFB 1528: Kognition der Interaktion
- Organization
- Universitätsmedizin Göttingen ; Leibniz-WissenschaftsCampus Primatenkognition
- ISSN
- 2077-0383
- Language
- English