Hardening of smooth pulsed laser deposited PMMA films by heating

Abstract

Smooth poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) films without any droplets were pulsed laser deposited at a wavelength of 248 nm and a laser fluence of 125 mJ/cm(2). After deposition at room temperature, the films possess low universal hardness of only 3 N/mm(2). Thermal treatments up to 200A degrees C, either during deposition or afterwards, lead to film hardening up to values of 200 N/mm(2). Using a combination of complementary methods, two main mechanisms could be made responsible for this temperature induced hardening effect well above the glass transition temperature of 102A degrees C. The first process is induced by the evaporation of chain fragments and low molecular mass material, which are present in the film due to the ablation process, leading to an increase of the average molecular mass and thus to hardening. The second mechanism can be seen in partial cross-linking of the polymer film as soon as chain scission occurs at higher temperatures and the mobility and reactivity of the polymer material is high enough.